Civilization Object No. 063
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Traditional Tea Processing Techniques

中国传统制茶技艺

The comprehensive craft of producing China's six tea categories — from green to pu'er — an art of nature, chemistry, and cultural tradition.

dna Heritage DNA
history Origin

Shennong era (c. 2737 BCE), commercialized in Tang Dynasty

category Domain

traditional crafts

verified Level

UNESCO Intangible Heritage

pin_drop Region

East China

pulse Status

active

Chinese traditional tea processing encompasses the knowledge, skills, and practices of producing six tea categories: green, white, yellow, oolong, black, and dark (pu'er). Each category involves distinct techniques of withering, fixing, rolling, oxidation, and drying. Associated practices include tea plant cultivation, hand-picking, and grading. Tea culture permeates Chinese social life through gongfu brewing, tea ceremonies, and tea art appreciation.

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Skills & Techniques

Traditional Tea Processing expand_more

The craft of transforming fresh tea leaves into the six categories of Chinese tea through controlled withering, fixation, rolling, oxidation, and drying.

Steps

  1. Pluck tender tea leaves at the correct seasonal stage
  2. Wither leaves to reduce moisture content
  3. Fix (kill-green) by pan-firing or steaming to stop oxidation
  4. Roll leaves to shape them and release juices
  5. Oxidize to the desired degree (for oolong and black tea)
  6. Dry by baking or sun-drying to preserve the finished tea

Tools

withering tray, fixation pan, rolling table, baking basket, charcoal oven, bamboo sieve

Materials

fresh tea leaves (Camellia sinensis), charcoal